Describe what Osteoporosis is?
Osteoporosis is a disease of bone in which the bone mineral density (BMD) is reduced, bone microarchitecture is disrupted, and the amount and variety of non-collagenous proteins in bone is altered. Osteoporotic bones are more at risk of fracture.
It is the loss of calcium in your bones which makes them brittle and easily broken. It is typically caused by vitamin deficiencies or sometimes can be found in young women who drink a lot. Alcohol depletes calcium (or so a nurse told my wife)
Its the decrease of at least 40% of the calcium proportion in the bones, without a proportional decrease of the bone matrix (collagen, periosteum, ostecytes), in the presence of normal amounts of the cofactors that normally promote calcification of the bone, that is, vitamins D and C, etc.
Loss of calcium less that 40% is calles OSTEOPENIA, or just clinical decrease of total bone calcium-(The calcium is the element that defines osteopenia and osteoporosis)
Both conditions are favoured by age, femenine gender, white race, slim, flimsy habitus, family tendency, smoking, ingestion of alcohol
That is why, in women, calcium supplements shoud be started as early as age 35, to avoid calcium (not total bone) loss in a late age.
Men are protected by the protective "action like vitamin D" of testosterone, until age 65, after which, the incidence of osteoporosis, slowly equals that of females...and the need of ingested calcium, is also increased, as it happens in females..
Osteoporosis is not exclusive of humans, is seen in many other vertebrated mammals too, (gorillas, tigers, etc)
Two types have been described: Type I affects the ribs, and posterior halves of ribs,
Type II, affects pelvic bones, neck of femur, bones of the forearms etc.
Both are diagnosed by measuring the relative amount of calcium in the bones by densitometry, a procedure that compares proportion of calcium in normal bones, versus demineralized ones..
Tha lack of Vitamin D, has NOTHING to do with osteoporosis, provokes Ricketts, which is entirely different, it affects not only the calcium deposition in the bones, but also the bone matrix (fibroblasts osteoblasts collagen) giving place to a very distorted and brittle bone...
Collagen diseases can produce brittle bones (osteogenesis imperfecta) or Dwarfism (a defect in which the cartilage that produces growth, is either absent or in small amounts) and runs in families, in an autosomic dominant form.
Osteoporosis, is caused by the lack of calcium deposition in a normal bone matrix, and has nothing to do, with vitamins, ...
In some cases, in women, low estrogen levels, can accelerate the presence of osteoporosis type I.
osteoporesis is a desease caused by thr deficiency of the vitamin D. in this condition bones becomes fragile
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