Causes for Osteoporosis and Remedies for it.?
Answers:
The meaning of the term ‘Osteoporosis’
originates from ‘Osteo’ meaning bone, and ‘porosis’ implying thinning or becoming more porous. Hence, osteoporosis literally means ‘thinning of bone’. Medically, Osteoporosis is a disease of bone in which the bone mineral density (BMD) is reduced which means one has a low bone mass and deteriorating bone tissue. In simple words the bones become thin, brittle and may be easily broken. Bone mass (bone density) is the amount of bone present in the skeletal structure. The higher the density the stronger are the bones. Bone density is strongly influenced by genetic factors, which in turn are sometimes modified by environmental factors and medications.
If Osteoporosis is not prevented in the early stages or if left untreated, osteoporosis can progress painlessly until the bone tends to break. These broken bones, also known as fractures, occur typically in the hip, spine, and wrist. The fracture caused by osteoporosis can be either in the form of cracking (as in a hip fracture), or collapsing (as in a compression fracture of the vertebrae of the spine). Though thee spine, hips, and wrists are common areas of osteoporosis-related bone fractures almost any skeletal bone area is susceptible to osteoporosis-related fracture.
Causes for Osteoporosis
Most Common Causes for Osteoporosis
There are multiple reasons that could lead to osteoporosis.
Here are some of the most common reasons that have been known to cause osteoporosis:
-Among women the deficiency of Estrogen (a group of hormones) post menopause has been correlated to a rapid reduction in BMD.
-The increased risk of falling associated with aging, leads to fractures of the wrist, spine and hip.
-Other hormone deficiency states can lead to osteoporosis, such as testosterone deficiency. Glucocorticoid or thyroxine excess states also lead to osteoporosis.
-Not eating foods rich in Calcium, Vitamin D and Phosphorous can also cause bone loss. Calcium and/or vitamin D deficiency from malnutrition also increases the risk of osteoporosis.
-Some medicines can inhibit the body’s ability to absorb calcium. This may cause the bones to weaken. These medications include cortisone/corticosteroids, anticoagulants, thyroid supplements, and some anti-convulsive drugs.
-Other illnesses or diseases, such over-active thyroid, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis may also cause bone loss. A disease such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia can cause changes in a person's estrogen level and lead to osteoporosis.
-Other significant factors leading to the onset of osteoporosis include: smoking cigarettes, high intake of alcohol, tea or coffee, low levels of physical activity (weight bearing exercise), and family history.
Remedies for Osteoporosis
Simple tips to tackle Osteoporosis
If Osteoporosis has been diagnosed in the early stages one can follow a simple routine to regain health naturally.
Here are some simple tips to tackle osteoporosis sans medication:
-Exercise to build strong bones: Exercise for atleast thirty minutes comprising of weight-bearing exercise such as walking or jogging, three times a week. This regime has been proven to increase bone mineral density, and reduce the risk of falls by strengthening the major muscle groups in the legs and back.
-Water Walking: is another suggested exercise to combat osteoporosis. Walking in chest-deep water for about 30 minutes at least three times a week is a suggested remedy as water helps support the body weight and take stress off bones and joints.
-Dandelion Tea: Drink dandelion leaf tea to help build bone density
-Higher intake of Soy products: As Hormonal imbalances can contribute to bone loss, eating more soy products or taking a supplement that contains soy isoflavones, the active ingredient in soybeans helps balance estrogen levels. One should get at least 40 mg of soy isoflavones in a daily diet or by taking isoflavone supplements.
-Chaste Berry: Chaste berry contains vitexicarpin and vitricin, which help to keep hormone levels in balance. It is advisable to take atleast 250 mg a day of a standardized extract of this herb every day for two to three months.
-Dong Quai: Dong quai has been used in Chinese medicine for thousands of years to address menstrual disorders, PMS, and infertility. It also helps keep hormone levels in balance. It is advisable to take 250 mg of a standardized extract of dong quai daily as a tonic herb.
-Black Cohosh: A recent study indicates this popular herb may help prevent osteoporosis. Most studies recommend an intake of either 20 or 40 mg of black cohosh extract twice a day.
-Sesame seeds: A handful of sesame seeds had every morning may also help osteoporosis.
-Almond Milk: Another home remedy for osteoporosis is calcium- rich almond milk. One can have the almond milk by soaking the almonds in warm water, peeling it and blending it with either cow milk, goat’s milk or soya milk.
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It's caused by lack of calcium in the bones which, in turn, make the bones soft, porous, and easy to break. There are a few popular prescription medications out there right now such as Fosamax and Boniva. Anything OTC won't work.
Not getting enough calcium is one cause of osteoporosis and so is the bone loss caused by the decrease in estrogen in menopausal women. To remedy it you need to be sure to get an adequate amount of calcium daily and if you do have osteoporosis the doc may recommend meds for it.
causes:
Family history of fracture or low bone mass are probably the most important etiological factors of primary osteoporosis. The heritability of the fracture as well as low BMD are relatively high, ranging from 25 to 80 percent. Estrogen deficiency following menopause is correlated with a rapid reduction in BMD. This, plus the increased risk of falling associated with aging, leads to fractures of the wrist, spine and hip. Other hormone deficiency states can lead to osteoporosis, such as testosterone deficiency. Glucocorticoid or thyroxine excess states also lead to osteoporosis. Lastly, calcium and/or vitamin D deficiency from malnutrition increases the risk of osteoporosis.
Other significant factors leading to the onset of osteoporosis include, smoking cigarettes, low levels of physical activity (weight bearing exercise), and family history. Osteoporosis can be thought of as analogous to "sarcopenia", which is the age-related loss of skeletal muscle. The combination of sarcopenia and osteporosis results in the significant frailty often seen in the elderly population.
List of disorders associated with osteoporosis:
Hypogonadal states - Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, Kallmann syndrome, anorexia nervosa, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia
Other endocrine disorders - Cushing's syndrome, hyperparathyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, acromegaly, adrenal insufficiency
Nutritional and gastrointestinal disorders - malnutrition, parenteral nutrition, malabsorption syndromes (e.g. coeliac disease, Crohn's disease), gastrectomy, severe liver disease (especially primary biliary cirrhosis)
Rheumatologic disorders - rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis
Hematologic disorders/malignancy - multiple myeloma, lymphoma and leukemia, mastocytosis, hemophilia, thalassemia.
Inherited disorders - osteogenesis imperfecta, Marfan syndrome, hemochromatosis, hypophosphatasia, glycogen storage diseases, homocystinuria, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, porphyria, Menkes' syndrome, epidermolysis bullosa.
Medication:
Steroid-induced osteoporosis (SIOP) due to use of glucocorticoids - analogous to Cushing's syndrome and involving mainly the axial skeleton
Barbiturates (due to accelerated metabolism of vitamin D) and some other antiepileptics
Other disorders - immobilization, scoliosis
treament:
Patients at risk for osteoporosis (e.g. steroid use) are generally treated with vitamin D and calcium supplements. In renal disease, more active forms of Vitamin D such as paracalcitol or (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol or calcitriol which is the main biologically active form of vitamin D) is used, as the kidney cannot adequately generate calcitriol from calcidiol (25-hydroxycholecalciferol) which is the storage form of vitamin D.
In osteoporosis (or a very high risk), bisphosphonate drugs are prescribed. The most often prescribed bisphosphonates are presently sodium alendronate (Fosamax®) 10 mg a day or 70 mg once a week, risedronate (Actonel®) 5mg a day or 35mg once a week or and ibandronate (Boniva® once a month).
Other medicines prescribed for prevention of osteoporosis include raloxifene (Evista®), a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Estrogen replacement remains a good treatment for prevention of osteoporosis but, at this time, is not recommended unless there are other indications for its use as well. There is uncertainty and controversy about whether estrogen should be recommended in women in the first decade after the menopause; hopefully new research will provide guidance.
Recently, teriparatide (Forteo®, recombinant parathyroid hormone 1-34) has been shown to be effective in osteoporosis. It is used mostly for patients who have already fractured, have particularly low BMD or several risk factors for fracture or cannot tolerate the oral bisphosphonates. It is given as a daily injection with the use of a pen-type injection device. Teriparatide is only licensed for treatment if bisphosphonates have failed or are contraindicated (however, this differs by country and is not required by the FDA in the USA. However, patients with previous radiation therapy, or Paget's disease, or young patients should avoid this medication).
Oral Strontium ranelate (Protelos® - Servier) is the first in a new class of drugs called a Dual Action Bone Agents (DABA's), and has proven efficacy in the prevention of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures (including hip fracture). Strontium Ranelate works by stimulating the proliferation of osteoblast (bone building) cells (there is some debate about this), and inhibiting the proliferation of osteoclast (bone absorbing) cells. This means that strontium Ranelate increases BMD by forming new bone, rather than just preserving existing bone. In comparison to bisphosphonates which only act on one aspect of bone remodeling, strontium ranelate also preserves bone turnover, allowing the microarchitecture of the bone to be continuously repaired as it would in healthy bone. Strontium ranelate is taken as a 2g oral suspension daily, and is licenced for the treatment of osteoporosis to prevent vertebral and hip fracture (this may differ by country and is not approved in the USA). Strontium ranelate has show significant efficacy at reducing both vertebral, and non-vertebral fractures in patients over the age of 80, who are the most at risk where osteoporosis is concerned. Strontium ranelate has side effect benefits over the bisphosphonates, as it does not cause any form of upper GI side effect, which is the most common cause for medication withdrawal in osteoporosis.
Changes to lifestyle factors and diet are also recommended; the "at-risk" patient should include 1200 to 1500mg of calcium daily either via dietary means (for instance, an 8 oz glass of milk contains approximately 300 mg of calcium) or via supplementation. The body will absorb only about 500 mg of calcium at one time and so intake should be spread throughout the day. However, the benefit of supplementation of calcium alone remains, to a degree, controversial since several nations with high calcium intakes through milk-products (e.g. the USA, Sweden) have some of the highest rates of osteoporosis worldwide. A few studies even suggested an adverse effect of calcium excess on bone density and blamed the milk industry for misleading customers. Some nutrionists assert that excess consumption of dairy products causes acification, which leeches calcium from the system, and argue that vegetables and nuts are a better source of calcium and that in fact milk products should be avoided. This theory has no proof from scientific clinical studies. Similarly, nutritionists believe that excess caffeine consumption can also contribute to leaching calcium from the bones. In any case, thirty minutes of weight-bearing exercise such as walking or jogging, three times a week, has been shown to increase bone mineral density, and reduce the risk of falls by strengthening the major muscle groups in the legs and back.
In a recent study that examined the relationship between calcium supplementation and clinical fracture risk in an elderly population, there was a significant decrease in fracture risk in patients that received calcium supplements versus those that received placebo. However, this benefit only applied to patients who were compliant to their treatment regimen.[5] The very large Women's Health Initiative study did not find a fracture benefit from calcium and vitamin D supplementation, but these women were already taking (on average) 1200mg/day of calcium (12).
Increasing vitamin D intake has been shown to reduce fractures up to twenty-five percent in older people, according to recent studies.[6]
There is some evidence to suggest bone density benefits from taking the following supplements (in addition to calcium and vitamin D): boron, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, silicon, strontium, folic acid, and vitamins B6, C, and K.[7][8] This is weak evidence and quite controversial.
Exercise is of great importance for people suffering from the osteoporosis syndrome.[9] Regular load bearing exercises can help both to delay the onset of the condition, and to relieve pain; this is because regular movement can help to keep joints supple. It is important to be shown how to do exercises for osteoporosis by a professional physiotherapist; this will ensure that the sufferer gains full benefits and does not cause further damage. Sufferers of osteoporosis must learn to judge their own pain thresholds and exercise accordingly.
Your bones get thin .There is prevention no remedies.Eat lots of calcium rich food and take calcium tablets every day.It can be hereditary.
'Osteoporosis' means the bones becoming porous and less dense. This happens with ageing, but is particularly high among women over 40, when their production of the hormone, Esterogen starts decreasing with the onset of menopause.
This happens when the Calcium in the bones are 'leached' or sucked out from the bones by the blood, leaving the bones porous. Calcium , you see, is 99% in the bones and only 1% in blood. But the 1% is essential for nerve transmission, motor functions of muscles, etc; when this level decreases in blood, it "steals" the Calcium from the bones! Result: Bones becoming less dense, porous and brittle. Even a minor fall results in fracture of the hip bone, thigh bone, collar bone, etcand not healing fast.
Remedy: Nutritional supplementation with CALMAG, made by Nutrilite Co. This is calcium and Magnesium from natural sources, and naturally the body absorbs natural substances 15-20 times better than synthetic stuff! Moreover the Magnesium works in synergy with the Calcium.
This supplementation should start in women right from adolescent age! Only then will their bones remain strong and dense (which can be measured by Bone Mass Density tests).
I have been taking these supplements. The Orthopedic surgeon who did my BMD test was amazed that this 63-year old man has the bones of a sixteen year old!!
osteoporosis is the later stage of arthritis,it is when the soft gel between the bones,in the joints dries out and the bones start to deform.
At this stage it is difficult for getting back to normal but the person can get relief by consuming natural calcium,minerals,apply MSM(methyl sulfonyl methane) on the joints for the regenration of the dried out tissues in the joints
and garlic could be cosumed with meals to reduce pain.
Osteoporosis means porous bones. When you are young, your skeletons act as a calcium bank for the rest of your body, taking in new deposits that help replace the old bone. By the time you reach your mid 30's though its easy to lose bone mass than to gain it. From then on bones tend to become less dense and become brittle. Osteoporosis is most common in people over 70 and in women after menopause, when levels of bone -protecting estrogen drop.
If you are thin, if you smoke or drink, or if others in your family have osteoporosis, you may have a high risk as well. It can get worse without symptoms until a bone breaks- often in the spine, causing severe backaches and in a stooped posture. Major bone breaks may require surgery and bed rest, which can lead to further weakness and ailment such as blood clots or pneumonia. That's the bad news. The good news is that osteoporosis can be prevented; you can also slow its progress.
Increased bone loss during menopause for both men and women.
No proper bone growth during childhood and adolescence resulting in failure to form good bone mass.
Bone loss can also be caused by reason's like eating disorders, and certain medications.
Prevention:
Try to gain a few pounds if you are under-weight; being too thin puts you at risk.
If you smoke, quit and if you drink, don't drink much. Have no more than 1 drink a day.
If you are going through menopause, consider hormonal replacement, which cuts the bone loss and also cuts the risk of factures to half.
Get your daily supplements of calcium and vitamin D.
Talk to your doctor and keep informed about your bone health.
Cure for osteoporosis
Get plenty of exercise. It lowers your risk of losing bone and it can strengthen bones that have begun to thin.
Make sure you get lots of calcium and vitamin D in your daily diet.
If you're not sure your diet has enough calcium take over the counter calcium supplements. Some antacids are good sources.
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