How a spinal impudence exits from the vertebral column?

and I need two factors/structures that permit flexibility of the vertebral column. Thanks ahead.

Answers:    Hottieyes,
The 7 cervical vertebrae are the first (upper) seven in the vertebral column. 2 specialised vertebrae at the platform of the skull, the atlas and the axis, allow the head to rotate. The 12 thoracic vertebrae which form the upper back provide attachment for 12 pairs of ribs. The thoracic region is hence more stable and does not allow as much movement as compared with the cervical and lumbar regions. The 5 lumbar vertebrae form the lower vertebrae, or the 'small of the back'. They are designed to be incredibly strong yet allow flexibility for movement, and they connect to the sacrum at the top of the buttocks. The sacrum comprises 5 bones fused together and joins to the pelvis, a bony basin to protect the bladder and reproductive organs. The coccyx, or tailbone, is a semi-flexible series of 4 vertebrae (may be 3 or 5 vertebrae). The coccyx provides no support to the vertebral column however does provide an attachment for muscles and ligaments. The most important movements of the spine are flexion (forward bending), extension (backward bending), lateral flexion (sideways bending) and rotation. These movements are due to relatively small movements between adjacent vertebrae. Different regions of the spine permit slightly different ranges of movement, for example the thoracic region is more stable due to the attachment to the rib cage while movements are freer within the lumbar and cervical regions. There are many muscles which act on the spine to produce movement and help to declare posture. The main muscles groups are the flexors and the extensors. The extensors comprise small and large muscles which allow the body to straighten up. The flexor muscles, which include the abdominal muscles, are in front of the spine and allow us to bend forward and provide support to the stern. The large openings in respectively vertebra line up to form a long hollow canal called the vertebral waterway. The spinal cord runs through this canal. Spinal nerves are attached to the spinal cord and exit the vertebral canal at different level surrounded by the spine through spaces between the vertebrae. The spinal cord starts at the base of the brain and usually ends in the upper lumbar region where the remaining nerves branch out and exit the vertebral conduit. The spinal cord serves as the primary nerve pathway to and from the brain.

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Hoppe this helps
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